The Statue of Libertys Origins in Egypt

The Statue of Liberty's Origins in Egypt No, Miss Liberty of Statue-of-Liberty fame wasnt always imagined as the scowling, linebacker-throated Midwestern matron of steely spiky Germanic stock that she is today. She was supposed to look like an Arab peasant, robed in the folds of Muslim precepts. She wasnt even supposed to be eternally standing at the entrance of New York Harbor, warning new arrivals to the New World about New Jersey to her right. Thats all schoolbook revisionism designed not to traumatize young American pupils with the reality behind Liberty: that she was supposed to be the welcome maam at the entrance of the Suez Canal in Egypt, that her name was supposed to be either Egypt or Progress, and that the flame she was brandishing was to symbolize the light she was bringing to Asia, which had claims to newness all its own. Lighting the Way to Asia All this from the imaginative scruffles of Frà ©dà ©ric Auguste Bartholdi, the Alsatian-French sculptor whod fallen in love with his own Orientalist fantasies about the Middle East after a trip to Egypts Luxor spreads in 1855. He liked Egypts colossal sculptures, those granite beings of imperturbable majesty with their eyes seemingly fixed on the limitless future. He liked just as much the then-fashionable notions of Europeans thinking themselves the Orients the best thing since unsliced baklava. Bartholdi returned to Egypt in 1869 with the blueprints for a toga-draped giant of a woman whod double-up as a lighthouse at the entrance of the Suez Canal, which opened that year to fanfare and (British and French) stockholders delight. The Suez Canal may have been in Egypt. But Egypt wasnt reaping its monetary benefits. The American Civil War had done wonders for Egyptian wealth thanks to the blockade of Southern cotton, which turned Egyptian cotton into gold. But the price of cotton crashed after the Civil War and so did Egypts economy. Suez revenue could have picked up the slack. Instead, it went into the pockets of European investors (until Egypts Gama Abdel Nasser nationalized the waterway in 1956, to the disingenuous fury of France and Britain). From Lady Egypt to Lady Liberty As Bartholdi was sketching one likeness of his great statue after another, it became apparent that his plan would never get Egypts financing. Bartholdi was crushed. He sailed to New York. And there, as his ship was entering New York Harbor, he saw Bedloes Island, deserted, oval-shaped, perfectly positioned to bear his creation. She wouldnt be Egypt. But shed still be Bartholds. He worked out an arrangement with Gustav Eiffel to build the statue in 350 pieces in Paris, for the French government to pay for the statue (that was back when French and Americans had more respect than reproach for each other), and with American donors to pay for the 89-foot pedestal. Bartholdis goal was to have the dedication coincide with the centennial of the American Revolution, somewhere around July 4, 1876. It happened a bit later, on Oct. 28, 1886, with a military, naval and civic parade in Manhattan, ending at the Battery at the tip of the island, with Gen. Charles P. Stone, who as the statues American engineer, was essentially its midwife, was the parades grand marshal. She was no longer an Egyptian woman. She was Liberty Enlightening the World. New York Inaugurates Liberty The weather did not cooperate. The rain was so bad that a New York Times editorial called it almost a national misfortune that robbed the pageant of much of its effect. Not that U.S. President Grover Cleveland was going to miss a chance to make himself slightly immortal by association with Lady Liberty as he accepted this grand and imposing work of art, though in words of granite neither grand nor imposing: This token of the affection and consideration of the people of France assures us that in our efforts to command to mankind a government resting upon popular will, we still have beyond the American continent a steadfast ally, while it also demonstrates the kinship of the republic. At that point, the historical record notes that there were loud cheers, not least those wondering who wrote that stuff. But Cleveland got a bit more colorful in his next salvo: We are not here today to bow before the representative of a fierce and warlike god, filled with wrath and vengeance, but instead, we contemplate our own peaceful deity keeping watch before the open gates of America. Well, the battleship Tennessees warlike batteries, which had just boomed, notwithstanding. Instead of grasping in her hands the thunderbolts of terror and of death, she holds aloft the light that illumines the way to mans enfranchisement. More cheers. Libertys light, he concluded, shall pierce the darkness of ignorance and mens oppression until liberty shall enlighten the world. Egypt Forgotten Of Egypts inspiration in all this, not a word. The majority of the hundreds of thousands of immigrants from the Middle East, Egyptians among them, would never know the statues genesis, only their own. And their own, to this day (even though theyve long ago stopped sailing into New York Harbor as immigrants), remains one mired in the authoritarian, unfree grasp of regimes from the Hindu Kush to West and North Africa that have yet to see the light Cleveland spoke of, and Bartholdi imagined. One last irony: Bedloes Island was not officially renamed until many years later when it became Liberty Island. The year? 1956. Gamal Abdel Nasser must have smiled.

Developing states Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Developing states - Essay Example As pointed out, some states within world nations are generally termed as ‘developing’ because those states show development in certain areas, but certain problems hinder those states from attaining development. For instance, less industrialization is a serious problem faced by the developing states in Asia and Latin America. Comparing with poor states/nations, the standard of living in the developing states is comparatively high. But this does not prove that the standard of living in the developing states is similar to that of the developed nations in Europe and America. On the other side, most of the developing states lack economic independence. â€Å"These nations have often been handicapped by poor infrastructure, inadequate education, rampant corruption, and high trade barriers.†1 So, one can see that income disparity is a common problem faced by developing states. Still, developing states share certain societal, financial and political characteristics. For instance, most of the developing states were under colonial rule. This resulted in the amalgamation of certain colonial elements with social structure of these states. For instance, one can easily identify the influence of European cultural characteristics in the developing states in Asia and Africa. Besides, almost all the developing states face the problem of unequal distribution of wealth. To be specific, the inefficient political systems within these states allow the elite class to enjoy all the economic benefits. So, one can see that developing states share certain common characteristics, apart from poor and developed states. Summing, the developing states show progress, but the same is insufficient to term these states as developed. In addition, lack of effective political system is an important problem faced by developing states. One can see that the efficiency of political system can lead a nation towards rapid economic development. Still, the political systems within

The central dilemma of macro-economic policy is not the choice between Essay

The central dilemma of macro-economic policy is not the choice between using monetary or fiscal policy but whether to intervene - Essay Example The macro-economic policy is concerned with carrying out certain economic objectives. These objectives aim to eradicate the main macro-economic problems within an economy. These include unemployment, inflation, and negative balance of payments position, a low rate of economic growth and inequitable distribution of wealth (Stan lake, Grant, pp.499, 1967). Macroeconomics conventionally has two governing views on policy; these are interventionist and laissez-faire (Dixon, pp.2, 2000). The paper, before examining these two views in details, will describe monetary and fiscal policy. Monetary and fiscal policies are the two instruments that the government uses to tackle the amount of expenditure floating in the economy. This is because levels of expenditure highly affect the level of inflation, growth, and unemployment. There are varieties of different forms of government macroeconomic policies. However, the best known and the widely used are fiscal policy and monetary policy. These belong to the demand-side economy that is these policies have the aim of affecting the level of aggregate demand in the economy. In a concise form, aggregate demand of a country is as follows: AD= C+I+G-T+(X-M) Where C=Consumption I=Investment G=Government Expenditure T= Taxes X=Exports M=Imports (Universitip, N.p., N.d). Both fiscal and monetary policies are part of the ‘Keynesian’ school of thought that will be discussed in the paper. These two policies can ‘fine-tune’ various economic problems within the economy such as inflation and output growth (Langdana, pp. 10, 2009). Fiscal policy caters to the two components within the economy i.e. Government expenditure and taxes. If there are inflationary pressures within the economy, then the government can increase the level of direct or indirect taxes, or it might also decrease government spending. Both these measures will reduce inflation in the economy. However, during times of recession, the government can incre ase the government spending. This will cause an injection of money into the economy, bringing it out of the recession. In addition, during war years, various countries especially USA saw massive increases in government spending, thus increasing the growth rate. The increase in spending was to due to the funding of the war. The level, the timing, and the composition of taxation and government spending can have an important effect on people’s lives (Stan & Grant, pp. 503, 1967). Monetary Policy also affects the level of aggregate demand. The tools that are used are either the rate of interest or the supply of money. In many countries, it is an acceptable view that the control of the money supply is probably the most significant tool to affect the level of demand in the economy (Stan & Grant, pp. 521, 1967). An increase in the level of interest will mean less spending, because people will tend to save more in such times, because the return on saving will be higher. However, when the interest rate is low, the cost of borrowing will be less, meaning that there will be an increase in borrowing and hence consumption. Therefore, the monetary policy is very important because it affects the level of aggregate demand. One very recent example of the importance of monetary policy is that during the Crash of 2008 in United States, for two years, the interest rate was maintained at 1% (New Work, 2008), which meant that the level of consumption was

Visiting Nurse Health System Essay Example for Free

Visiting Nurse Health System Essay I. Executive Summary Visiting Nurse Health System (VNHS) is experiencing difficulty in quantifying the benefits of their telemonitoring services used to provide care to patients recently discharged from hospitals. While the company believes these services provide real value to the patients, hospitals and insurance companies, VNHS is worried about the ability to provide future investment in the technology given the tenuous healthcare reimbursement environment. To continue to grow its telemonitoring services, VHNS should: †¢ Assess patient specific effectiveness of telemonitors †¢ Quantify the advantage of telemonitoring to insurance companies †¢ Reduce the technology’s accessibility limitations †¢ Find alternatives to the telemonitoring service †¢ Create and implement a marketing strategy In order to accomplish these goals, we recommend the following: Develop an electronic means of assessing telemonitoring usage and compliance with final clinician approval for removal of telemonitor. †¢ This will increase the effectiveness of telemonitors by eliminating patients who do not use telemonitors effectively. †¢ Automated analysis will be quick and simple. Lobby with FDA and government agencies to pass new act/regulation which forces insurance companies to reimburse for telemonitoring devices †¢ Benefits the entire health care industry and reduces cost at multiple levels. (Insurance companies, patients and hospitals) Create secure website and computer application to compliment Health Buddy. †¢ Gives patients a variety of choices to transmit data †¢ Inexpensive and effective, with no need to upgrade Health Buddy Integrate Health Buddy with alternative technologies †¢ Having options to do telemonitoring via internet, mobile application and voice based automated telephone systems will allow VNHS to keep the cost low. Create a marketing strategy that targets hospitals and insurance companies that do not have a preferred partner status with VNHS. †¢ Acquiring preferred status has a direct correlation to the future success of VNHS †¢ By targeting specific hospitals and insurance companies, the marketing message can be tailored to each individual client. II. Overview Visiting Nurse Health System (VNHS) is an accredited nonprofit home health company located in Atlanta, GA. As a home health company it depends on patient reimbursement from Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance companies to fund a majority of its operations. As the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) moved to a flat fee for reimbursement and also implemented initiatives to reduce the amount of hospital readmissions due to preventable causes, healthcare organizations are under increased pressure to lower costs while also delivering high quality health care. One way VNHS is trying to become more efficient and meet CMS goals is to use telemonitoring devices to assess a patient’s health remotely. By remotely monitoring patients, VNHS can reduce clinician visits to the patient location as well as monitor potentially important health information that can prevent the patient from having to be readmitted to the hospital. The Health Buddy telemonitoring device has the potential to improve patient outcomes while reducing VNHS cost. The downside is that while CMS encourages the use of telemonitors, VNHS does not receive reimbursement from CMS or insurance companies when it purchases telemonitors. With a limited supply of telemonitors and a significant cost associated with each, VNHS must decide if telemonitoring is the most cost effective way to increase patient health outcomes while also keeping its costs low.

Warfare :: Essays Papers

Warfare Warfare is a prominent theme in Beowulf . The reasons and conduct for and during warfare are mentioned and displayed throughout the poem. The reason for warfare is usually for retribution. As an act of revenge, battles are fought. The conduct is also very standard and prevalent. All warfare fought by honorable men had to be fought fair. If the opposing side bore no weapons, then the other side also used no weapons. The author of this poem depicts himself/herself to be an advocate of warfare. By idolizing Beowulf because of his heroic deeds during warfare, the poet makes armed conflict courageous and noble. The reasons for bloodshed are spelled out quite well when noble Beowulf consoles his sad friend, Hrothgar concerning his friends demise. He tells him: " Sorrow not wise warrior. It is better for a man to avenge his friend than much to mourn" (Norton 45). Beowulf advocates and promises to avenge Aeschere’s death during warfare with the slayer, Grendel’s mother. The act of battle is given a reason and purpose which is to avenge a death. Conduct in warfare might be "every man for himself" in today’s world however, during Beowulf’s time, the poet shows that honor was the most valuable asset. Upon knowledge that Grendel used no weapons, just bare flesh, Beowulf immediately put his weapons aside and promised to fight empty handed, so the fight would be fair. "I have also heard say that the monster in his recklessness cares not for weapons......I scorn to bear sword or broad shield, yellow wood, to the battle, but with my grasp I shall grapple with the enemy and fight for life, foe against foe " (Norton 32). An unfair fight, as the poet implies, has no glory or distinction. This proves Beowulf to be a worthy hero and role-model. The poet gives the impression that warfare is honorable and exciting. This does not imply that the poet likes bloodshed; it refers to honorable warfare. Honorable warfare includes a good reason and virtuous conduct. The poet can not be a pacifist because he/she describes Beowulf as a savior and hero. If the poet was a pacifist he/she would have described him as an egotistical bully. The poet makes Beowulf an icon and noble warrior. Beowulf is described as " †¦survived every combat, every dangerous battle, every deed of courage†¦" also called ".

House of Saud Essay

The â€Å"alternative† visions of the nineteenth century all sought to Oppose authority and protect local community. Feedback/Reference: See pp. 600-601 2. The Wahhabi Movement sought to institute pure Islam and challenge The Ottoman Empire. Feedback/Reference: See p. 604 3. Allied to Wahhabi Movement leaders was the Najdian House of Saud of The Arabian Peninsula. Feedback/Reference: See p. 604 4. Which of the following did Shaka not use in his command of the Zulus? Mercy Feedback/Reference: See p. 605 5. The Taiping Rebellion of China gained momentum from all except which of the following? Government reforms aimed at relieving economic pressures by lowering taxes Feedback/Reference: See p. 608 6. Hong Xiuquan’s Taiping society demonstrated all but which of the following? Free opium use Feedback/Reference: See pp. 609-610 7. Which of the following best describes what reactionaries sought to accomplish? To reverse democracy and secular influence Feedback/Reference: See p. 612 8. Which of the following best describes what liberals sought to accomplish? To limit state power while expanding that of the individual Feedback/Reference: See p. 14 9. Which of the following best describes what radicals sought to accomplish? To reconstruct society economically and politically Feedback/Reference: See p. 614 10. The materialist theory of history generated by Marx and Engels taught that what mattered was How goods were produced and how that shaped social relations. Feedback/Reference: See p. 618 11. Insurgents opposed to powerful colonizing nations generally preached a message that reflected all of the following except Strong statements of universal love and toleration. Feedback/Reference: See pp. 618-622 12. What did Tenskwatawa advise his followers to do to rid Indian lands of the white man? Return to the traditional Indian rites and lifestyle Feedback/Reference: See p. 619 13. Why did Mayan rebels stop their drive to rid the land of imperialists during the Caste War? Planting season came, so the Mayans went home. The insurgencies discussed in this chapter were most commonly Destroyed with brute military force. 16. All of the following are true about Usman dan Fodio’s Fulani movement except It expected women to remain completely uninvolved in political action. Feedback/Reference: See pp. 604-605 17. Nationalism in Europe Slowly gained strength over the nineteenth century by pushing education and culture to unify †the nation. † Feedback/Reference: See p. 614 18. Mayan identity developed from all but which of the following bases? Close ties to the sugar and hennequen producers who felt threatened by new taxes Feedback/Reference: See p. 623 19. Which of the following best describes the utopian socialism of Charles Fourier? The organization of people into phalanxes that would preserve diversity in tasks and classes, but in which merchants did not exist Feedback/Reference: See p. 615 20. The charismatic leaders in this chapter offered all but the following: Decentralized states where power rested in the hands of the people

Interview Of A Helping Professional - 1376 Words

Interview of a Helping Professional Hui An Old Dominion University Interview of a Helping Professional It should be noticed that in the recent few decades, the science developed at an astonishing pace, and the problem of substance abuse cause a huge public concern. Currently, substance abuse has already become a pandemic around the world. It costs individuals substantially, and it of their family as a whole. It is essential for the society to help those people who struggle with drug addiction to get rid of their pain and get back their health and balance life. Therefore, I understand the substance abuse is a tough area, and people who are struggling with addiction really need help. During the course of the interview, I†¦show more content†¦Most of the time, they do group counseling which includes ten to twelve, but they also do some individual and family. For the group counseling, it always takes about three hours each time, and the program is thirty-five days’ long. After the program, the following care of clients will be continued for another year. Primary, as a counselor, they have to track daily notes and document everything; then they will have a team meeting to make sure they are on the same page. The reason why you have to document everything is because if you did not document, then it never happened. Supervisors will evaluate counselors’ performances, and Navy will make sure counselors did their paperwork correctly, and also there is a survey for clients to evaluate their helpers. In addition, record make sure staffs’ skills are developing, they have training twice a week, and since this hospital is a teaching hospital, Bob is also training his two interns every day. The Individual As an addictions counselor, he is currently the senior group counselor for a co-occurring disorders group, and he is certified as an addictions counselor, nationally, through the Navy, and through the state of VA, and certified as a Clinical Supervisor for the Navy. Every morning, Bob starts to work at 7:30 am, then they will have aShow MoreRelatedInformative Interview For Helping Professionals Essay1364 Words   |  6 PagesInformative Interview for Helping Professionals In order to have a better understanding of what exactly an individual in the helping profession does especially one who works with children; I decided to interview the Guidance Counselor and middle school student life coordinator Rebecca Louth at Saint Patrick’s Catholic School. Saint Patrick’s is a private Catholic school grade Pre-k through 8th. 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